Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Ache vs Ama Code of Ethics - 2372 Words

ACHE v. AMA Codes of Ethics ACHE v. AMA Codes of Ethics The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) Code of Ethics is a list of principles set forth to guide healthcare executives in their daily practice. The Code of Ethics clearly defines the behavior and performance standards required by those performing the duties of healthcare executives. The ACHE Code of Ethics is designed in a way that clearly directs healthcare executives in their interactions with patients, employees, and the community. The ACHE Code of Ethics also clearly defines the responsibilities of the healthcare executive to the profession of healthcare management and also the responsibilities of the healthcare executive to the organization, as well as the†¦show more content†¦The Code of Ethics defines the behavior standards with which physicians must comply. The AMA Code of Ethics is designed as a concise document outlining the basic duties and responsibilities of physicians. One of the major areas of strength of the AMA Code of Ethics is the principle that outlines that the physician must â€Å"regard responsibility to the patient as paramount† (American Medical Association, n.d., par. 9). This principle outlines that importance of putting the patient first in all care aspects when working with a patient. Along with this, other principles set forth in the AMA Code of Ethics, while involving other aspects of care, state that the rights of the patient shall be acknowledged and followed during patient care. It is very important that healthcare codes of ethics are clear in defining that the patient needs to be considered first and foremost. A weakness of the AMA Code of Ethics is concise nature of the document. While concise can also be regarded as a strength, the concise nature of this Code of Ethics is a disadvantage, as it does not allow for more clear definitions of the ethical principles. For example, the principle stating that physicians shall support access to medical care for everyone does no t outline the ways in which physicians should do this or provide any guidance. It seems as though more guidance could be provided with a moreShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesPractices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM Challenges 21 Recession 21 Off Shoring 21 Mergers 22 A Look at Ethics 22 Summary 23 Demonstrating Comprehension: Questions for Review 24 Key

Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Battle Analysis Iran / Iraq War - 1844 Words

Battle Analysis Karbala V Iran-Iraq War 9-28 January 1987 I. Introduction By 1987, The Iran- Iraq War had been fought to a bloody stalemate after seven years. Both nations were looking for a final victory that would secure regional dominance when the war ended. Iran, which enjoyed a 3-1 population advantage over the Baathists, had shocked Iraqi commanders by their use of human wave offensives to breach minefields and swarm positions. The religious furor of the Shias seemed to be a substitute for inferior weapons, equipment, training, and logistics. Iraqi units, however, were hardly defenseless. The use of chemical munitions and armor tactics by Iraqi units, as well as their use of rehearsal techniques often gave them decisive†¦show more content†¦Large numbers of Iranians continued to flow out of the bulge crowding the narrow space between berms two and three. Their progress, however, was blocked by the Border Guards, who gave way slowly contesting every meter of ground. This produced a frenzied butting match that went on for over a week. Finally, on or about January 17, the Border Guards side-slipped across the Jasim, opening the way for the Iranians to surge across the Shatt Al Arab. Before they could do so, however, they had first to ford a small channel and then traverse an island in the middle of the Shatt. Before the Iranians could start their river-crossing, the Iraqi high command committed a division of infantry to stop them. The division attacked south on the island and within 48 hours had succeeded in driving the Iranians off it. The fighting now subsided for a brief interval, while the Iranians continued moving fresh troops into the liberated zone, and the Iraqis consolidated their defense line along the Jasim. On January 27, the Iranians played their last card-they tried to ford the Jasim and were briefly successful in doing so. However, after an advance of no more than a few meters, they stalled as the Iraqi defense stiffened, hurling the Iranians back. On January 28 when a new infusion of Republican Guard reserves crushed the bulge along Fish Lake, preventing the Iranians from makingShow MoreRelatedThe Outbreak of the Iran-Iraq War, An Outline826 Words   |  3 Pageslargest and most destructive conflicts to occur since the end of the second world war started between the states of Iran and Iraq. Lasting eight years, the war left approximately 1.5 million dead and around a million casualties with thousands of refugees fleeing both nations. †¢ Cost up to $1,000,000,000 monthly †¢ Total cost to date may exceed $300,000,000,000 †¢ (Swearingen, 1988) Using three levels of analysis - the individual, domestic and systemic - the causes of the conflict will be analysedRead MoreInternational Policy Between Western Countries And The Middle East Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION 1) ISIS changed foreign policy between western countries and the Middle East Data Analysis and Sources: *Empirical history USA Foreign policy: From 1945 to 1990 the United States of America kept an important military deployment in Europe and Asia and in contrast they had a low military footprint in the Middle East counting relying instead on their local allies; more particularly the conservative Arab monarchies in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Persian gulf and hadRead MoreAnalytical Failure Of Iraq During Persian Gulf War1599 Words   |  7 Pages Analytical Failure of Iraq in Persian Gulf War Affiliation Student’s Name â€Æ' Introduction Failures analysis is the process of gathering data and information in order to find the cause of failure especially when the goal had been set. Analytical failure of war, on the other hand, is failures by decision making bodies to make appropriate decision which will lead to victory. This failures occurs when military and political leaders come up with war strategies which when implemented leads toRead MoreIranian Hostage Crisis 1617 Words   |  7 Pageselude capture and took refuge with officials from the Canadian embassy (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). Day 10 November 14, 1979, President Carter ordered all Iranian assets in United States banks frozen, embargoed oil from Iran (PBS, 2013a) and sent an envoy to Iran, but Khomeini refuses to meet with them. In December, the United Nations Security Council passes a resolution calling for the release of the hostages and the Shah leaves the United States for Panama (CNN Library, 2014). That yearRead MoreThe United States And The Middle East834 Words   |  4 Pagesbeen heavily involved with and invested in the Middle East. Geographically, the Middle East region contains a large percentage of the industrialized world’s most prized resource, oil. Throughout this time, the United States has participated in Gulf War I, Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation Southern Watch, Operation Northern Watch, and numerous other contingencies and operations. Most recently, the region fell further into turmoil with the civil unrest and uprising in SyriaRead MoreStrategic Rela tions Between Saudi Arabia And Iraq3133 Words   |  13 PagesRepublic in 1958 and the shifting relationships between Saudi Arabia and Iraq . In fact, in Walt’s list of eighteen Middle Eastern regional alliances formed between 1955 and 1979, none lasted for longer than five years (Walt, 1987, p.150). In light of this heritage, it is therefore particularly remarkable that the most persistent regional arrangement to-date has been between Syria, a secular, Arab and predominantly Sunni state and Iran, a Persian, Shia theocracy. And the relationship has certainly beenRead MoreU.s. Iraq During The Reign Of Saddam Hussein4113 Words   |  17 PagesTable of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Page 2 Iraq during the reign of Saddam Hussein†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... Page 3-7 Summary of first half†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 7 Iraq after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Page 7-13 Summary of Second half†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 13 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... Page 14-15 Analysis of Current Events: ISIS in Iraq†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......Page 16 Works Cited†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 17 Abstract In order to fullyRead MoreThe Islamic State Is No More A Collection Of Psychopaths1716 Words   |  7 PagesISIS stands for Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. The Obama administration prefers the term ISIL which means the Islamic State in Levant. The term Levant literally means the rising; in reference to the land where the sun rises. However, many western news have decided to switch and call the group by the name Islamic State. ISIS finds its roots after the invasion in 2003 of Iraq by the United States. â€Å"ISIS is a Sunni jihadist group born in 2004 in Iraq. Known at the time as a cell of al-Qaeda - Al QaedaRead MoreRecruitment And Retention Battalion For The State Of Georgia974 Words   |  4 Pageschanges in regards to mission goals, the method and process by which leads and prospects will be approached and gathered and what the total Army s needs will be going forward, especially in light of the end of combat operations in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, but with the rise of ISIS and other global terrorist threats. As a former member of the recruiting organization, I have intimate knowledge of how the organization works, its overall mission and the impact of how not accomplishing that missionRead MoreRecruitment And Retention Battalion For The State Of Georgia971 Words   |  4 Pagesorganizational changes in regards to mission goals, the method and process by which leads and prospects will be approached and gathered and what the total Army s needs will be going forward, especially in light of the end of combat operations in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, but with the rise of ISIS and other global terrorist threats. As a former member of the recruiting organization, I have intimate knowledge of how the organization works, its overall mission and the impact of how not accomplishing that mission

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Episodic and Disruptive Change in a Static - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEpisodic and Disruptive Change in a Static Environment. Answer: Change management is a continuous process adopted in an organization with the aim of experience a high rate of growth compared to others. it is a way the organization plan out its structure to take up successful change management in their process. This is turn will affect their success and overcome competition in the market. The process of change management differs from organization to organization. However, the change taken by a company influences each of its members in a great way. Change is something that is viewed in a static environment and then continues to grow. On the other hand, it is seen that managing a change is considered as an episodic activity which means that it is occurs, continues and gives out a result (Booth, 2015). This paper discusses the process of change management and its effect on the organizational growth. Further the essay presents an argumentative descriptive whether this change is episodic or continuous. Change management means a way of managing a change process in an organization in order to reach its actual objective. Change in organizations is not a small and easy process. It requires a long term planning about investment, division of task and the ways to start with the change process. A proper planning can only make it possible for the organization to achieve its short term and long-term goal. There are three levels involved in a change management process of an organization such as individual change management, organizational change management and enterprise change management. Individual change management is focused on the individual that realizes their issues and decides on bringing a change to their skills to grow in the organization. However, the company as a whole to bring about a change in their process and techniques to achieve long-term growth adopts the second type of change management. This change can also take place in a group that lack certain skills or the problem in their processes (Sarayreh, Khudair Barakat, 2013). Lastly, change can also take place in the competency capability of the organization to cope up in this competitive environment. There are various arguments that the change management process that takes place in the organization is an episodic process or a continuous one. There have been various evidences showing the managing a change in the environment of an organization is episodic because it has a start point and an end. The process of change actually starts by unfreezing the static environment of the organization, bringing a change and then freezing the environment after the change (Cummings Worley, 2014). However, there are arguments that the process of change is not episodic; it is a continuous process as some type of change continuously occurs in the organization (Booth, 2015). It is seen that episodic change is evident from the fact that there are various variables involved in a change management process that a change in one affects the others. Thus, it is essential for an organization to bring the change into an equilibrium point (Hayes, 2014). This fact has been questioned in the ground that change affects variables and someone or the other gets affected continuously in the organization. The company cannot bring a change in an equilibrium pint and assume that it will bring no further affects to others (Cameron Green, 2015). The episodic nature of change can also be explained in context of the large ship that reaches to its destination at some point or the other. Similarly, change is also a ship that starts its process and aims to reach to a point where it can be judged as successful pr unsuccessful (Goetsch Davis, 2014). However, the concept of reaching a result is true but not fixed in the context of change. This is because every change process leads to a result and the result that is generated from it helps in bringing further change. Thus, the process continues nd not end anywhere (Matos Marques Simoes Esposito, 2014). It is evident that change management s about bringing a change to an organization and thus a change occurs from a static state and remain there. An organization can bring about a continuous improvement in their processes and not going on changing it continuously (Waddell, 2013). However, some argumentative approach to it states that change can take place continuously because of its continuous cause and effect factor. Thus, it is very different from improvement where the company only improves the existing technology or process and does not change it. According to the Kurt Lewin model as well, change is ending process, which starts and reaches it destination. He has drawn the process of change in a form of a model that starts with unfreezing activity, continues with change and ends by freezing the change (Hornstein,. 2015). Some scholars have identified that the episodic change in an organization is intentional, infrequent and discontinuous. There are certain changes which help the external agents to create leverage which helps in changing the meaning, schema and system. The failure occurs in all episodic changes and thus the organization suffers losses and has to make certain plans to change. The organization also needs to implement those plans and deal with those consequences accordingly (Jun Rowley, 2014). However, some scholars have opined that continuous change theories can help many leaders in addressing the various limitations of episodic change models and it also provides an in-depth analysis of the adaptive, continuous and informal processes. These are used in the dynamic interaction and it helps to adapt those factors which are inside or outside the organization. It is also important to develop sensitivity in the continuous change process which will help the leaders to influence and evaluate the readiness in the changes and thus develop the organization (Worley Mohrman, 2014). Many scholars have stated that episodic change starts with the failure and these failures may trigger different kinds of failure. Such change includes government regulations, emerging and urgent threats, new ideas which help to initiate different change initiatives. In certain cases these changes may also help in influencing the different environmental factors. However, many scholars have opined that the continuous changes are incremental and it helps through the dynamic interaction of the people, environment and the processes. The idea of continuous change in the self organizing and emergent organization is evolving constantly. This continuous change is an extension of the earlier practices of the current knowledge and skills of the people (Hamel Zanini, 2014). According to some scholars, episodic change may lead the organization to various kinds of opportunities and threats and this may tend to be disruptive. The leaders can help to enhance the adaptability by creation of certain important and resilient organizations. The episodic change is regarded as the transformational change by many scholars and it helps the organizations to address the various kinds of issues. On the other hand, some scholars have regarded that continuous change involves modifications and practices which are unending. They also refer this process as a process of freeze, rebalance and unfreeze state. The continuous change perspective as predicted by many scholars has stated that the employees will try to resist the changes which require external intervention and thus help in the removal of different kinds of obstacles. This will also help in replacing the different kinds of resistant and the employees will be willing to implement the new strategies (Maltais et al., 20 13). It has been argument that in the competitive environment companies are continuously adopting becoming turbulent and adopting episodic change in their organsiation. They continued to say that the episodic change adopted by companies is done in order to bring about a continuous change. This proves that episodic change and continuous change is linked process I themselves which is followed by the other. They are linked to one another, as without one the other cannot take place. The episodic change occurs in the organization in which the process of change takes place slowly and in a continuous manner. However, continuous change looks after the limitation that occurs from the episodic change management process. Thus, this proves that they are interdependent on each other (Lewis, Passmore Cantore, 2016). Thus, it can be concluded that episodic and static change are not separate terms but they are interdependent on each other. Various arguments has been stated which helps in connecting the different theories of continuous and episodic changes. These two concepts provides comprehensive framework for understanding and influencing the different kinds of changes. Various integration approaches has been made to analyze the two opposite terms and thus it creates a mid way to focus on the similarities. The connection and interdependency of the two concepts helps to offer a complete framework for understanding the changes. Thus, it can be concluded that in a static environment the leaders of the organization can plan the business accordingly. References Booth, S. A. (2015).Crisis management strategy: Competition and change in modern enterprises. Routledge. Booth, S.A., 2015.Crisis management strategy: Competition and change in modern enterprises. Routledge. Cameron, E., Green, M. (2015).Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page Publishers. Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Hamel, G., Zanini, M. (2014). Build a change platform, not a change program.Retrieved November,12, 2014. Hayes, J. (2014).The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan. Hornstein, H. A. (2015). The integration of project management and organizational change management is now a necessity.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), 291-298. Jun, W., Rowley, C. (2014). Change and continuity in management systems and corporate performance: Human resource management, corporate culture, risk management and corporate strategy in South Korea.Business History,56(3), 485-508. Lewis, S., Passmore, J., Cantore, S. (2016).Appreciative inquiry for change management: Using AI to facilitate organizational development. Kogan Page Publishers. Maltais, S., Costello, W. T., Billings, F. T., Bick, J. S., Byrne, J. G., Ahmad, R. M., Wagner, C. E. (2013). Episodic monoplane transesophageal echocardiography impacts postoperative management of the cardiac surgery patient.Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia,27(4), 665-669. Matos Marques Simoes, P., Esposito, M. (2014). Improving change management: How communication nature influences resistance to change.Journal of Management Development,33(4), 324-341. Sarayreh, B. H., Khudair, H., Barakat, E. A. (2013). Comparative study: the Kurt Lewin of change management.International Journal of Computer and Information Technology,2(4), 626-629. Waddell, D., Creed, A., Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. (2013).Organisational change: Development and transformation. Cengage Learning. Worley, C. G., Mohrman, S. A. (2014). Is change management obsolete?.Organizational Dynamics,43(3), 214-224.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

We feel we know the self to be an equivocal commodity Essay Example For Students

We feel we know the self to be an equivocal commodity Essay Although he does abandon any morals he has he has more scruples over doing so than Cromwell clearly, as we can see from his performance when with the Mores when his guilty conscience suspects that he is no longer welcome there; later we see him showing his conscience to Cromwell; Im lamenting. Ive lost my innocence. (page 44) However, Cromwell quickly brings him into check and so seems to dissolve the last trace of Richs ever fading conscience. Thomas Cromwell was clearly a follower of pragmatic political thought, we can see this through the fact he advised Rich to read works Machiavellian literature. We will write a custom essay on We feel we know the self to be an equivocal commodity specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We see him labeled by the boatman as the coming man, this is because he is a very pragmatic politician, and it is his pragmatism that brings about his success as nothing holds him back; When the King wants something done, I do it. (page 21) Cromwell is a schemer, is ambitions are clearly very powerful ones. He is a suspicious character, this can be seen through the agitation on stage at the mere mention of his name, he certainly is not a well liked character. He uses people, notably Rich in order to achieve what he desires. He has no scruples in knowingly setting up an innocent man, clearly he is not a man of conscience. He is a rather sadistic character and we see this side of him as we see him hold Richs hand in the candle flame, this incident also serves to demonstrate Richs weakness as even after this Rich continues to follow Cromwell in order to progress. His attitude could be well summed up in the following phrase, which gives an insight into his lack of conscience and moral standards; so much wickedness purchases so much worldly prospering. (page 43) Cromwell is jealous of more and his success and relationship with the King, and resorts to Richs perjury in order to defeat More. Clearly, Cromwell is a character lacking in morality and any sense of human decency. More describes him as threatening like a dockside bully. Ambition can lead to moral downfall. Since the power that drives on ambition is great enough to push aside any signs of conscience if it achieves the seemingly greater cause, we see this in the actions of both Rich and Cromwell. The Common Man too is guilty of finding fewer and fewer things, which he is willing to stand up for. He will keep his quiet about anything and everything if it keeps him out of trouble and out of the spotlight.